Legislature(2007 - 2008)CAPITOL 106

04/19/2007 08:00 AM House STATE AFFAIRS


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08:07:12 AM Start
08:07:50 AM HJR6
09:54:00 AM Adjourn
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+ Bills Previously Heard/Scheduled TELECONFERENCED
+= HJR 6 CONST. AM: ELECTED ATTORNEY GENERAL TELECONFERENCED
Heard & Held
HJR  6-CONST. AM: ELECTED ATTORNEY GENERAL                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR LYNN  announced that the  only order of business  was HOUSE                                                               
JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 6, Proposing  amendments to the Constitution                                                               
of  the  State of  Alaska  relating  to  the office  of  attorney                                                               
general.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
8:07:50 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  HARRY  CRAWFORD,  Alaska  State  Legislature,  as                                                               
prime  sponsor, mentioned  the discussion  regarding  HJR 6  held                                                               
during the last hearing on the  resolution.  He reviewed that the                                                               
delegates of  the Alaska Constitutional Convention  chose to have                                                               
an  appointed attorney  general (AG)  in order  to have  a strong                                                               
executive branch with  no discordance in the  administration.  He                                                               
stated  his belief  that Alaska  has grown  up since  then, times                                                               
have changed, and  the state does not need an  executive that has                                                               
no checks or balances within  the administration.  He opined that                                                               
the AG should not have to  serve at the pleasure of the governor,                                                               
and the  governor should not  have the right  to fire the  AG for                                                               
not being  in accordance with  the governor's wishes.   He stated                                                               
his belief that the AG should be the people's lawyer.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
8:10:28 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR  LYNN  said there  had  been  a recommendation  to  consult                                                               
previous  attorneys general,  and he  noted that  there were  two                                                               
present to testify today.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
8:11:17 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CHARLES  E. COLE,  Attorney at  Law,  related that  he served  as                                                               
attorney  general under  former Governor  Walter J.  Hickel, from                                                               
September 1990 to January 1994.   He emphasized the importance of                                                               
the  state's having  the  most qualified  person  serving as  its                                                               
attorney general.  He stated  that the attorney general of Alaska                                                               
has "almost  constitutional powers" derived from  the common law,                                                               
represents  the  state as  a  plaintiff  and defendant  in  civil                                                               
actions,  and is  in charge  of essentially  all felony  criminal                                                               
prosecutions  throughout the  state.   Furthermore, the  attorney                                                               
general appoints not  only members of the Department  of Law, but                                                               
also the district attorneys throughout  the state.  Mr. Cole said                                                               
he  thinks   the  attorney   general  "rises   to  a   level  ...                                                               
substantially higher than those of ... commissioners."                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MR. COLE, in  regard to the debate between  an appointed attorney                                                               
general  versus one  elected by  the people  of the  state, said,                                                               
"It's  not an  easy decision;  I think  I come  down slightly  in                                                               
favor of  the appointed attorney  general."  Mr. Cole  said there                                                               
are some  advantages to  having an  elected AG.   First, it  is a                                                               
"furtherance of the  democratic process."  Second, the  AG, as an                                                               
elected  officer  is  essentially  free  from  control  from  the                                                               
executive branch.   That said,  he pointed out  the disadvantages                                                               
of the  system of  electing attorneys general.   First,  he said,                                                               
the most  qualified person for  the position of  attorney general                                                               
may not  want to run for  elective office.  The  elected AG would                                                               
be looking for political campaign  contributions, and where those                                                               
campaign  dollars come  from  could cause  conflicts.   Next,  he                                                               
posited, if an  elected attorney general does not do  well, it is                                                               
more difficult to  replace him/her.  Often, he  noted, an elected                                                               
AG  has aspirations  for a  higher elected  political office  and                                                               
"maybe the  decisions are  less than straight  down the  line for                                                               
what they would  otherwise be absent that  consideration."  Also,                                                               
Mr.  Cole   said  it  would  not   "further  good  representative                                                               
government"  if an  attorney  general decided  to  make a  choice                                                               
counter to that  of the governor.  Finally, Mr.  Cole warned that                                                               
there is  a tendency for  elected attorneys general to  be making                                                               
decisions based on political interest.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
8:17:04 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR. COLE then talked about  the appointment of attorneys general,                                                               
which  he said  can also  be problematic.   He  said whether  the                                                               
system  works   depends  largely   on  the   governor's  decision                                                               
regarding who to  appoint.  He stated, "I took  the view that the                                                               
attorney general  was the attorney  for the people of  this state                                                               
and  not ...  the lawyer  for the  governor."   He said  it is  a                                                               
problem when the  governor tells the AG what to  do, and it takes                                                               
a  great deal  of  integrity  on the  part  of  both parties  "in                                                               
discharge of the office of the  attorney."  He offered an example                                                               
of conflict.  He stated that  the governor must respect the AG in                                                               
matters  of  law,  while  the  AG  must  respect  the  governor's                                                               
political philosophy.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
8:22:26 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE GRUENBERG  asked General Cole about  the interplay                                                               
between the  duties and potential  conflict of the Office  of the                                                               
Attorney General and the Alaska Executive Branch Ethics Act.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR  LYNN interjected  that he  does  not want  the actions  of                                                               
previous attorneys general brought into the discussion.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE   GRUENBERG   cited   AS  39.52.160(a)   and   its                                                               
corresponding paragraph (2) which read as follows:                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
          (a) A public officer may not represent, advise,                                                                       
     or assist  a person  in any  matter pending  before the                                                                    
     administrative  unit that  the officer  serves, if  the                                                                    
     representation, advice, or assistance is                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
       (2) without compensation, but rendered to benefit                                                                        
         a personal or financial interest of the public                                                                         
     officer.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  GRUENBERG asked  Mr.  Cole,  "Would this  provide                                                               
some  contour  ...  to  the  limits  of  the  attorney  general's                                                               
potential conflict if the governor  wanted the AG to do something                                                               
that was contrary  to the public interest but  designed solely to                                                               
benefit the governor?"                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
8:25:12 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR.  COLE said  in the  interest of  fairness, he  would want  to                                                               
study that statute before remarking  on it, rather than giving an                                                               
off-the-cuff opinion.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
8:25:34 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  COGHILL  noted  a  couple issues  that  made  him                                                               
support  an appointed  AG  over  an elected  one:   the  campaign                                                               
contributions  and the  promises  that would  be  made along  the                                                               
campaign  trail.   He  surmised  that  the  elected AG  would  be                                                               
framing public policy in an arena  where he/she might be asked to                                                               
adjudicate "contrary  to those  public policies."   He  asked Mr.                                                               
Cole to respond.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MR. COLE  said he hopes any  candidate for elected AG  would have                                                               
the  good sense  to not  make any  policy commitments.   He  said                                                               
Alaska is a  small state, and an AG may  experience problems with                                                               
conflicts  because  he/she has  dealt  with  so many  people  and                                                               
companies in  the state over  the course of  time.  He  added, "I                                                               
don't  know  which  side  that   comes  down  on  -  elective  or                                                               
appointive."                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  COGHILL said  he is  somewhat sympathetic  toward                                                               
the idea  of an elected  AG, having proposed legislation  to that                                                               
effect some years ago.   He asked Mr. Cole if  he thinks having a                                                               
elected  AG would  result  in a  campaign  of qualifications  and                                                               
personality rather than that of public policy.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR. COLE  said he thinks  that would be likely.   An AG  could be                                                               
elected for  being well known  throughout the state,  rather than                                                               
on his/her  ability to serve  as AG.   He said that's  a problem.                                                               
If appointed,  he surmised  there would  be a  greater likelihood                                                               
that  the AG  would be  well-qualified to  serve that  post.   He                                                               
added, "And that is not simply  on the basis of legal ability and                                                               
legal skills, but on the basis  of making sound ... policy ... or                                                               
political decisions.  The person  who serves in that position ...                                                               
should be  not only  a well  qualified lawyer  to make  the final                                                               
decision regarding  matters of ...  law affecting the  state, but                                                               
also ... [to] have a sense of political decisions, as well."                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
8:29:51 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE GRUENBERG cited AS 39.52.120(a)(3), which read:                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
       (3) use state time, property, equipment, or other                                                                        
     facilities to benefit personal or financial interests;                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  GRUENBERG then  cited  AS 39.52.120(a)(5),  which                                                               
read:                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
          (5) attempt to benefit a personal or financial                                                                        
     interest through  coercion of a subordinate  or require                                                                    
     another  public officer  to  perform  services for  the                                                                    
     private benefit of the public officer at any time; or                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  GRUENBERG asked  Mr. Cole  if he  sees either  of                                                               
those provisions providing any protection  for an AG who might be                                                               
asked by  the governor to  perform an improper service  or course                                                               
of action.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
8:31:03 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR. COLE answered yes.  He continued:                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     That relationship between the  attorney general and the                                                                    
     governor in an appointive method  just has to be better                                                                    
     than that.  ... I think  they just have to respect each                                                                    
     other's  prerogatives   and  powers.    ...   When  the                                                                    
     attorney general says,  "Look, I mean we  just can't do                                                                    
     it and I  can't do it in good faith,"  the governor has                                                                    
     to  say,  "I accept  that,"  and  respect the  attorney                                                                    
     general's decision.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR.  COLE  said problems  with  appointed  attorneys general  are                                                               
often  focused  upon  by  people other  than  the  governor,  for                                                               
example, commissioners.   The governor has  to back up the  AG in                                                               
that relationship,  because it  is important  that others  in the                                                               
executive branch don't  get the idea that  because they appointed                                                               
the  attorney  general,  they  can   tell  him/her  what  to  do.                                                               
Furthermore, he said, the AG has  to be strong enough to stand up                                                               
for his/her decisions.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
8:33:03 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR.  COLE,   in  response  to  a   question  from  Representative                                                               
Gruenberg, said  it is easy  to say  no in private  practice, but                                                               
not as easy for an AG.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  GRUENBERG explained  he was  trying to  point out                                                               
that  most private  practice attorneys  have  had the  experience                                                               
occur in which the client may  not be following the correct legal                                                               
or ethical procedure.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
MR. COLE said that's true.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR LYNN  commented that legislators also  have situations when                                                               
they must uphold ethics and refuse to do something.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
8:35:14 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  ROSES asked  Mr. Cole  to  confirm if  it is  the                                                               
responsibility  of the  attorney general  to assign  attorneys to                                                               
cases that the state will be litigating.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR.  COLE  said  the  answer  to that  is  "somewhat  yes."    He                                                               
explained:                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     ...We  always  had some  problems  ...  where some  ...                                                                    
     department   commissioners   get  assistant   attorneys                                                                    
     general assigned to  them, and then if you  try to take                                                                    
     that  ... assistant  attorney general  over to  work on                                                                    
     major  litigation, they  say, "Well,  we're paying  for                                                                    
     that assistant  attorney general and we  don't want him                                                                    
     going."                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     I always  took the position:   "I'm sorry  about that."                                                                    
     I wanted  to select the  most qualified lawyers  in the                                                                    
     entire  department  to  work   on  cases  of  paramount                                                                    
     importance to  the state,  and ... I  know some  of the                                                                    
     commissioners  didn't like  it -  and with  good reason                                                                    
     ... -  because of  the financial  relationship.   But I                                                                    
     just thought  it's too  important to  the state  not to                                                                    
     have our first tier  team working on particular matters                                                                    
     of litigation.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE ROSES asked if it  would be the prerogative of the                                                               
AG to handle  the case if he/she so chose,  which would mean that                                                               
an elected attorney  general could select a high  profile case to                                                               
cover in  the best  interest of  the state,  but also  in his/her                                                               
best interest toward getting reelected.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
MR.  COLE  said  that  could  easily be  done;  however,  if  the                                                               
attorney  general  loses the  case,  it  might  not be  good  for                                                               
his/her reelection campaign.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
8:38:00 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  CRAWFORD said  he never  doubted that  during Mr.                                                               
Cole's term as  attorney general, he acted with  the state's best                                                               
interested at heart.   He said if he could  be assured that every                                                               
appointed AG  would be like  Attorney General Cole, he  would not                                                               
be  proposing HJR  6.   However, he  said Mr.  Cole has  made the                                                               
point that any  [appointed] attorney general has  some loyalty to                                                               
the governor, and he restated that  the AG should be the people's                                                               
top lawyer.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
8:40:46 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR.  COLE responded  with  an  anecdote about  an  elected AG  in                                                               
California who responded to a  directive given by Governor Arnold                                                               
Schwarzenegger by  saying, "You forget, governor,  I'm elected by                                                               
the people and don't take orders  from you."  He stated, "It just                                                               
sort of highlighted  ... the ... issues that we  have here in the                                                               
appointive attorney general situation."   He reemphasized that in                                                               
order for  the method of  appointing an  AG to work,  both he/she                                                               
and the  governor must  have integrity.   He  said some  may call                                                               
that risky, but on the other  hand, the people get to elect their                                                               
governor   and    rely   on    him/her   to    "discharge   those                                                               
responsibilities with full integrity."                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
8:43:19 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  ROSES   remarked  that   currently  there   is  a                                                               
discussion going  on regarding  the state's oil,  and he  said he                                                               
believes the  state still  needs a strong  executive branch.   He                                                               
said  the method  of electing  an AG  may result  in the  state's                                                               
having a charming  attorney general with little  experience as an                                                               
attorney.  He said he  has concern about "politicizing a position                                                               
of that magnitude."   Regarding the idea of  the attorney general                                                               
running on a slate with  the governor and lieutenant governor, he                                                               
said  if  that  AG  should  quit, then  "you're  back  to  having                                                               
somebody  appointed  again."   He  warned  that  as soon  as  the                                                               
process becomes  political, the state  will have entered  into an                                                               
"area of  dynamic over which  a lot  of people have  no control."                                                               
He echoed the previous remark that  there are a lot of people who                                                               
would make  fabulous attorneys  general but  would never  run for                                                               
political office.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
8:48:07 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
BRUCE BOTHELO, Mayor, City &  Bureau of Juneau, specified that he                                                               
is  testifying  as  a  private citizen  who  served  as  attorney                                                               
general from January  1994, through December 2002 -  not as mayor                                                               
of  Juneau.   He  noted  that  he  served  as Mr.  Cole's  deputy                                                               
attorney general,  and he expressed  appreciation for  Mr. Cole's                                                               
abilities  while in  office.   Mayor Bothelo  said he  subscribes                                                               
fully to virtually  every statement that Mr. Cole  made, which he                                                               
said  emphasizes that  the  issue  is not  clear-cut  one way  or                                                               
another.   He spoke of  the tension  involved in an  AG's telling                                                               
the governor when he/she will not back down on an issue.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO  stated that  the fundamental  issue of  whether to                                                               
elect the AG or not is  related to ones view about the allocation                                                               
of power  within the  executive branch.   Generally  speaking, he                                                               
said, those  who support  the election  of the  AG are  those who                                                               
hold the  view that the  executive power is too  concentrated "in                                                               
the  governor,"  that  the  AG  is not  a  position  to  exercise                                                               
independent judgments on legal matters  that affect the executive                                                               
branch, and  that the position  should be  one which serves  as a                                                               
check on  the power of  the governor.   He stated that  those who                                                               
support  the view  that an  appointed AG  makes more  sense -  as                                                               
reflected in  the aforementioned constitutional debate  - want to                                                               
disperse  the decisions  on policy,  including  legal policy,  to                                                               
have an AG who is the voice of the people of the state.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
MR. BOTHELO said most states  elect their attorneys general; five                                                               
states have  their governors make  the appointment; the  state of                                                               
Maine has the legislature make  the appointment; and the state of                                                               
Tennessee  has its  supreme court  select the  AG.   Many of  the                                                               
states that  have elected officers do  so out of concern  for not                                                               
concentrating  power and  in order  to have  accountability.   He                                                               
offered some historical  facts in the formulation of  the post of                                                               
attorney general in various states.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
8:53:36 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR  BOTHELO  noted  that  the  five  states  that  have  their                                                               
governors  appoint attorneys  general  - including  Alaska -  are                                                               
also states  with recent constitutional  reforms.  He  listed the                                                               
common  denominators among  attorneys general  in all  states, as                                                               
follows:  to  act as chief legal  officer of the state;  to be in                                                               
control of litigation  involving the state; to have  the power of                                                               
public advocacy; to  have the power of issuing  opinions to state                                                               
agencies;  and  to  be  involved   in  legislative  advocacy  and                                                               
drafting.  He  said the latter is  a key function in  Alaska.  He                                                               
related  that  most  states' attorneys  general  also  have  some                                                               
criminal law  jurisdiction and  serve as  a function  of consumer                                                               
protection.  He stated that Alaska  and Delaware are the only two                                                               
states in which  criminal jurisdiction is vested  in the attorney                                                               
general both at the trial and  appellate level.  He said Delaware                                                               
is  the  only other  state  in  which  the AG  appoints  district                                                               
attorneys.   He said  in some  respects, the power  of the  AG in                                                               
Alaska is much greater than in most other states.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
8:55:57 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO  said there are reasons  that speak in favor  of an                                                               
elected attorney  general, including:   the sense of  more direct                                                               
accountability  to the  people; the  ability to  stand up  to the                                                               
governor;  and the  ability to  campaign on  legal policies  that                                                               
otherwise  wouldn't  generally  come  up   in  the  course  of  a                                                               
gubernatorial  race.   Mayor Bothelo  said those  campaign issues                                                               
might  include:     consumer  protection,  consumer   fraud,  and                                                               
protection of senior citizens and children.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MR. BOTHELO  said there  are drawbacks to  having an  elected AG,                                                               
which  constitute  the  reason he  has  concluded  that  Alaska's                                                               
current system of having a  governor-appointed AG is better.  For                                                               
example,  he talked  about the  battle between  attorneys general                                                               
and  governors of  other  states.   Furthermore,  on a  practical                                                               
note, Mr. Bothelo  said there would be a need  to restructure how                                                               
legal  services  are rendered.    In  most  states that  have  an                                                               
elected AG, the governor has  his/her own legal council and state                                                               
agencies prefer to have their own  in-house council.  He said the                                                               
public outreach that is done  can be called public relations, and                                                               
the staff involved would be  concerned about "the politics of the                                                               
position."  The appointed AG does not  spend a lot of time on the                                                               
road campaigning,  whereas the elected  AG has the need  to reach                                                               
out to constituents across the state.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
9:01:03 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR  BOTHELO said  he  thinks that  with  very few  exceptions,                                                               
those attorneys general who have  been appointed by the governors                                                               
of Alaska  have served the  state well,  and most would  not have                                                               
thought to run for public office.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
9:01:34 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  JOHANSEN asked  Mayor Bothelo  if he  agrees with                                                               
the   majority  of   delegates  to   the  Alaska   Constitutional                                                               
Convention that the  crux of the issue is that  having an elected                                                               
AG along with an elected governor  would be a "watering down" [of                                                               
the administration].                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
9:02:07 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO responded:                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     The  answer is  yes.   Stripped  of all  others, it  is                                                                    
     simply whether  it'll be two independent  voices within                                                                    
     the   executive   branch    determining   policy;   one                                                                    
     theoretically limited to legal  policy and the other to                                                                    
      more general policy.  Unfortunately there's a great                                                                       
     overlap.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR  BOTHELO  noted that  within  the  National Association  of                                                               
Attorneys General,  it is a  standing joke that AG  really stands                                                               
for "aspiring  governor."  He said  there is some truth  to that,                                                               
and he listed some examples.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
9:04:05 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE JOHANSEN posited that in  the case of an appointed                                                               
AG,  his/her  actions reflect  upon  the  governor who  made  the                                                               
appointment.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO concurred.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
9:04:44 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  DOLL  commented that  there  has  been a  lot  of                                                               
attention paid to  ethics this year, and, as a  result, there has                                                               
been a great  desire to be transparent - to  open closed doors in                                                               
politics.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
9:05:46 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR  BOTHELO, in  response to  a  question from  Representative                                                               
Doll, said  the ability of an  AG to do public  outreach has some                                                               
advantages, but he  said he is not sure it  would have advantages                                                               
with respect to  the issue of transparency in ethics.   He stated                                                               
that  he  thinks  the  legislative  body  has  the  challenge  of                                                               
weighing  issues of  privacy,  the public's  right  to know,  and                                                               
holding public officials to high standards.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
9:07:01 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO,  in response  to Representative  Gruenberg, listed                                                               
former attorneys general who became senators or judges.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
9:09:21 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE GRUENBERG  mentioned the  names of  some attorneys                                                               
general  in  Alaska  who  had  previously  or  subsequently  held                                                               
elective offices.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
9:10:38 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO,  in response to Representative  Gruenberg, related                                                               
that  the  experience  of elective  office  hopefully  creates  a                                                               
political  antenna to  use in  appointed  office.   He said  most                                                               
governors come  to rely on  their attorneys general for  not only                                                               
legal judgment,  but also political judgment,  because frequently                                                               
they overlap.   He stated that there are some  governors who come                                                               
into  office  not  fully  appreciating  the  importance  of  that                                                               
particular relationship.   He suggested the same may  be true for                                                               
attorneys  general.   That  appreciation  is sometimes  developed                                                               
over time.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
9:13:11 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR  LYNN asked  Mayor  Bothelo  whether or  not  he thinks  an                                                               
elected  AG  should  be  of  the  same  political  party  as  the                                                               
governor.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO  answered that  should largely  be irrelevant.   He                                                               
continued:                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     If  the  primary  purpose  is  to be  a  check  on  the                                                                    
     authority  of  the  governor,  I  think  the  political                                                                    
     affiliation itself probably would  be of lesser import.                                                                    
     Obviously there is the risk  that if they are different                                                                    
     parties or  have different  political views  that there                                                                    
     could  be greater  conflict.   But  I  would also  say,                                                                    
     again, that there  are 43 states that  are operating on                                                                    
     the basis of an  independent, elected attorney general,                                                                    
     and while  there are substantial numbers  of cases that                                                                    
     highlight ... both real  conflicts that sometimes arise                                                                    
     and the  mischief that  can happen,  for the  most part                                                                    
     those  relationships  tend to  work  out.   And  that's                                                                    
     because  one  relies  on  the  corps  of  professionals                                                                    
     within the departments - whether  they're called law or                                                                    
     justice -  that are serving  on a day-to-day  basis the                                                                    
     ... agencies of people in the states.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
9:14:38 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  JOHANSEN asked  Mayor  Bothelo if  he would  have                                                               
become an attorney general if he had had to run for the office.                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO answered no.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE JOHANSEN said he is  wondering what kind of effect                                                               
[switching  to an  elected  AG] would  have  on "getting  quality                                                               
people who just may not be statewide candidate material."                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR  BOTHELO  reiterated  that   he  thinks  most  of  Alaska's                                                               
attorneys  general  have  been   outstanding  lawyers  and  human                                                               
beings,  but few  would have  run for  office.   Several of  them                                                               
would  have recognized  that  they are  not  people who  campaign                                                               
well; they were chosen for  their abilities as attorneys general.                                                               
In response  to Chair Lynn,  he remarked  that serving as  AG had                                                               
its  frustrating moments,  but was  probably the  most satisfying                                                               
career experience in his life.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
9:18:22 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE GRUENBERG  noted that  a state employee  could not                                                               
run for political office, thus  Mayor Bothelo, having been deputy                                                               
attorney general  would not have been  able to run for  AG if the                                                               
elective system had been in place.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR  BOTHELO  clarified  Representative Gruenberg's  remark  by                                                               
explaining  that  a  state  worker  may  not  work  for  partisan                                                               
political office, but may run for nonpartisan office.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE GRUENBERG  noted that Mayor Bothelo  had served as                                                               
AG  under both  Republican  and Democrat  governors.   Under  the                                                               
Cannons of  Ethics, he  relayed, a  person cannot  represent both                                                               
sides  in a  litigation, nor  can he/she  represent one  side and                                                               
then  subsequently shift.   He  indicated that  an AG  who serves                                                               
under  one  governor and  then  another  may  be placed  in  that                                                               
situation.    He   asked,  "How  do  you   resolve  that  ethical                                                               
situation?"                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
9:21:15 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR  BOTHELO  said this  situation  does  not pose  an  ethical                                                               
dilemma,  because the  client -  the State  of Alaska  - did  not                                                               
change.  The AG's job is to  give the best advice possible and to                                                               
implement the governor's  directives to the extent  that they are                                                               
consistent with  the law.   He  said on  more than  one occasion,                                                               
both  governors for  whom  he  worked made  calls  with which  he                                                               
disagreed, but which were legally defensible.  He continued:                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     There are  times when  the line  could be  crossed, and                                                                    
     then  I think  the  situation  is:   you've  got to  be                                                                    
     prepared  to  tender  your  resignation.    And  former                                                                    
     attorneys general in  the state have done that.   And I                                                                    
     think it's  reflected in  part by  the fact  that there                                                                    
     are relatively  few attorneys  general who  have served                                                                    
     full terms with the governors who appointed them.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
9:23:22 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE GRUENBERG offered a list  of the skills and duties                                                               
of an  AG, and he  asked Mayor Bothelo  to rank those  skills and                                                               
duties in order  of importance for elected  attorneys general and                                                               
then for appointed attorneys general.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
9:26:13 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO said attorneys general  share in common most of the                                                               
same objectives.   He stated that  it is in the  interest of both                                                               
the elected  and appointed  AG to ensure  the office  is well-run                                                               
and   that   services   are  being   provided   efficiently   and                                                               
effectively.   He  stated, "My  sense would  be that  one of  the                                                               
areas of distinction  is the degree to which work  is done behind                                                               
the scenes, as opposed to a  public setting in the need to create                                                               
an aura of public prominence."                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR  BOTHELO  said  successful   attorneys  general  -  whether                                                               
elected or  appointed - usually  achieve most of that  success in                                                               
their works  within the  executive branch.   He indicated  that a                                                               
large portion  of his  and Mr. Cole's  time as  attorneys general                                                               
was  devoted   to  issues  between  state   departments  and  the                                                               
executive branch related to oil and gas policy.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO  remarked that the  attorneys general he  has known                                                               
invariably cannot resist the temptation  to argue a case in front                                                               
of  the  United  States  Supreme Court,  should  the  opportunity                                                               
arise.  He stated, "I think  ... attorneys general in Alaska have                                                               
had that  opportunity several  times, and  I think  our deference                                                               
has been  to making sure  we had the  best etiquette in  front of                                                               
the court to  make the case.  ... If  you're the attorney general                                                               
and  you've argued  the case,  of course  the risk  again is  the                                                               
outcome,   but  I   used   that  as   ...   maybe  an   anecdotal                                                               
differentiation.     ...  Again,  there  have   been  some  great                                                               
advocates."                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
9:30:41 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO continued:                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     But I also  know that in one situation,  a close friend                                                                    
     of mine ...  who was an AG devoted  literally months to                                                                    
     preparation, to  the exclusion of almost  anything else                                                                    
     that  was going  on in  his department.   And  that, of                                                                    
     course, is the kind of  devotion one expects for a case                                                                    
     in  front  of  the  [U.S.] Supreme  Court,  but  it  is                                                                    
     certainly,  I  think,  a  conflict   in  terms  of  the                                                                    
     discharge  of other  responsibilities.   Again,  that's                                                                    
     just a  small fraction  of what  happens in  the normal                                                                    
     course, but  ... I  think it's  illustrative of  what I                                                                    
     think  would  be  a   somewhat  different  approach  by                                                                    
     elected as opposed to appointed attorneys general.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
9:31:36 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR  BOTHELO, in  response to  a  question from  Representative                                                               
Coghill, said for the most  part, attorneys general tend to align                                                               
on  the side  of  the  state -  defending  state prerogatives  in                                                               
regulating  gaming.   He said,  "Habeas corpus  was an  area that                                                               
tended to break down - not so  much ... [in regard to whether the                                                               
AG  is]  elected  versus  appointed, but  over  whether  one  was                                                               
Republican  or Democrat."   He  stated, "Generally  speaking, the                                                               
National Association of  Attorneys General has been  very good in                                                               
trying to  keep a bi-partisan aura  about it and focusing  on the                                                               
prerogatives of the attorney general."                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
9:34:21 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  COGHILL explained  that he  is interested  in the                                                               
states' rights issue because he  thinks the federal government is                                                               
growing and ever more powerful.   He added, "So, if I thought for                                                               
a moment that an elected attorney  general would give us a little                                                               
more clout,  I'd do  it in a  heart beat."   He asked  a question                                                               
regarding the  independence of  an AG and  a governor  related to                                                               
Indian law in Alaska.  He continued:                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     Because  I think  that  it might  have  the benefit  of                                                                    
     bringing  more people  to  the debate.    On the  other                                                                    
     hand,  it might  divide  the executive  branch so  much                                                                    
     that  you   really  would  not  be   on  their  forward                                                                    
     movement.   We're  so unique  in  all the  rest of  the                                                                    
     United States  in that  regard that it  would be  -- my                                                                    
     mind just  kind of  breaks down  when I  start thinking                                                                    
     about what could come of that.   But I know that you've                                                                    
     been involved  in it.   So,  from your  perspective, do                                                                    
     you think  it's a cleaner way  of taking it as  a state                                                                    
     policy  generally,  or  do you  think  that  the  issue                                                                    
     should be broken up more as a political law decision?                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
9:35:52 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR  BOTHELO  responded, "This  is  one  that there's  no  real                                                               
predictor.  You've basically got  a scenario where you could have                                                               
a  governor  taking ...  position  A,  and the  attorney  general                                                               
taking  position B,  in an  elected situation,  or vice  a versa.                                                               
... You may be satisfied with position  A or position B.  You may                                                               
have  a situation  where both  accept position  A or  both accept                                                               
position B,  and you've got to  decide.  What you  are guaranteed                                                               
in  our system  is it'll  be either  A or  B, but  it won't  be a                                                               
situation where they will be divided."                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
9:37:15 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  GRUENBERG  recalled  that one  of  the  sponsor's                                                               
concerns  is  that an  appointed  AG  may  feel beholden  to  the                                                               
governor, whereas  an elected AG  would be more independent.   He                                                               
asked Mayor Bothelo for his opinion.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
9:38:01 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MAYOR BOTHELO responded  that he thinks that is  a risk; however,                                                               
the integrity of both the governor  and the AG is what is counted                                                               
upon to  be able  to make  and uphold decisions.   He  offered an                                                               
anecdote.   He said the approach  is to call things  as they are,                                                               
and  he  said he  thinks  for  the most  part,  that  is what  is                                                               
happening in  all the departments.   Any governor  is well-served                                                               
by that  approach, he said.   He related his hope  that that same                                                               
standard would apply with an elected AG.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
9:40:23 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR LYNN closed public testimony.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
9:40:54 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  DOLL  moved to  adopt  Amendment  1, labeled  25-                                                               
LS0420\A.3, Bullard, 4/17/07, which read as follows:                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     Page 2, line 5:                                                                                                            
          Delete "There shall be no limit on the terms of                                                                       
     the attorney general."                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     Page 2, following line 5:                                                                                                  
          Insert a new subsection to read:                                                                                      
          "(b)  No person who has been elected attorney                                                                         
      general for two full successive terms shall be again                                                                      
      eligible to hold that office until one full term has                                                                      
     intervened."                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     Reletter the following subsection accordingly.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE COGHILL objected for discussion purposes.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE DOLL explained that  Amendment 1 simply proposes a                                                               
term of office.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE COGHILL  indicated that  in Alaska's  past, people                                                               
were reluctant  to turn away a  good attorney general.   He said,                                                               
"Before I'm  willing to vote  for this, I  think I would  want to                                                               
review some  of that  history."  He  maintained his  objection to                                                               
Amendment 1.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  GRUENBERG stated  that  there are  not that  many                                                               
lawyers in  Alaska, and not  many are  willing to run  for public                                                               
office; therefore, he  said he is reluctant  to support Amendment                                                               
1.                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
9:44:32 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
A roll call vote was taken.   Representatives Doll and Lynn voted                                                               
in  favor of  Amendment 1.   Representatives  Gruenberg, Coghill,                                                               
Johansen, and Johnson  voted against it.   Therefore, Amendment 1                                                               
failed by a vote of 2-4.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
9:45:34 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE JOHNSON  moved to  adopt Amendment 2,  labeled 25-                                                               
LS0420\A.2, Bullard, 4/13/07, which read as follows:                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     Page 1, line 14, following "be":                                                                                           
          Delete "elected"                                                                                                      
          Insert "nominated"                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     Page 1, line 15, following "law":                                                                                          
          Delete "by the qualified voters of the State at                                                                       
     the same time and for the same term as the governor"                                                                       
          Insert "for other elective offices. In the                                                                            
     general election,  the votes  cast for a  candidate for                                                                    
     governor  shall  be considered  as  cast  also for  the                                                                    
     candidate  for attorney  general  running jointly  with                                                                    
     the  candidates for  governor and  lieutenant governor.                                                                    
     The  candidate whose  name appears  on the  ballot with                                                                    
     that of the successful  candidate for governor shall be                                                                    
     elected attorney general"                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     Page 2, line 7, following "elected":                                                                                       
          Insert "in the manner provided by law"                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
9:45:42 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE COGHILL objected for discussion purposes.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE JOHNSON  explained that Amendment 2  proposes that                                                               
the attorney  general be of  the same  party as the  governor and                                                               
lieutenant governor and that those three offices run on a slate.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
9:46:22 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE COGHILL  stated, "If the  assertion is we  want an                                                               
independent  attorney  general,  then  it  should  be,  in  fact,                                                               
independent."  He maintained his objection.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE DOLL  concurred with Representative Coghill.   She                                                               
stated her belief that "it ... should be nonpartisan."                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE GRUENBERG indicated that  his opinion mirrors that                                                               
of Representative Coghill.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
9:47:17 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  JOHNSON  echoed  Representative  Roses'  previous                                                               
comments regarding  oil and gas  issues and said he  thinks there                                                               
needs to be  an "alignment" in order to face  huge companies.  If                                                               
that alignment  is not there, he  said, he cannot support  HJR 6.                                                               
If  Amendment 2  is  not adopted,  he said,  he  will oppose  the                                                               
proposed legislation.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  COGHILL said,  "Either  you  have an  independent                                                               
attorney general, or  you have a very strong  governor, and under                                                               
this condition I will so oppose the amendment."                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR LYNN said if he were governor,  he would want an AG who, if                                                               
not in  lock-step with  his beliefs,  at least  was in  his "same                                                               
philosophical  ball  park."   He  stated  that he  would  support                                                               
Amendment 2.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE JOHNSON  withdrew Amendment 2.   He explained that                                                               
he thinks that  is the best move at this  point, because he would                                                               
rather  have  "a straight  up  and  down  vote" on  the  proposed                                                               
legislation "without  this to  cloud it."   He clarified  that he                                                               
does not support the election of the attorney general.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
9:49:43 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE DOLL  reiterated that  there is merit  to electing                                                               
the  AG, but  that there  should be  term limits.   She  said she                                                               
would  not  like  to  see  the  legislation  voted  down  without                                                               
consideration of  those limits.   Regarding the issue  of whether                                                               
or not  the best  qualified candidate is  "the best  qualified to                                                               
win," she  said "this  is no exception"  [to campaigning  for any                                                               
other public office].  She said  she would like to see the people                                                               
of Alaska vote on HJR 6, but not without term limits.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
9:50:51 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR  LYNN  said he  would  vote  to move  HJR  6  to the  House                                                               
Judiciary Standing Committee - the next committee of referral.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
9:51:34 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE COGHILL  appealed to  fellow committee  members to                                                               
hold  the resolution,  because he  said he  thinks there  is much                                                               
discussion yet to be had.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
9:52:16 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE COGHILL moved to table HJR 6.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR LYNN stated that he would hold HJR 6.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE COGHILL stated, "I'll withdraw my motion, then."                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
9:53:10 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE   GRUENBERG    suggested   related    topics   for                                                               
legislation.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
9:53:30 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR LYNN announced that HJR 6 was heard and held.                                                                             

Document Name Date/Time Subjects